Discover What to Expect with Dermal Fillers at It’s Me and You Clinic
Geology of NCTF 135 HA near Bourne
The geology of the area surrounding NCTF 135 HA near Bourne, Surrey, provides a complex and fascinating geological history that spans over 500 million years.
The underlying bedrock in this region consists primarily of _Permo-Triassic_ sedimentary rocks, which were formed during the **Permian** and **Triassic** periods. These rocks are comprised of sandstones, siltstones, and conglomerates that were deposited in a variety of environments, including rivers, deltas, and marine settings.
One of the most prominent geological features of this region is the _Bourne Formation_, which is a sequence of *_sandstones_*, *_siltstones_*, and *_conglomerates_* that date back to the *_Jurassic_* period, around 170 million years ago. This formation is characterized by its distinctive bedding planes and fossil content, including *_ammonites_*, *_belemnites_*, and *_crinoids_*.
Underlying the _Bourne Formation_ is a layer of *_limestones_* and *_dolomites_* that are thought to have been deposited in a marine environment during the *_Permian_* period. These rocks are characterized by their high levels of calcium carbonate and magnesium, which were likely derived from the decomposition of ancient marine organisms.
To the west of the Bourne Formation lies the *_Hurstpurton Clay_*, a layer of *_shales_* and *_clays_* that date back to the *_Cretaceous_* period, around 125 million years ago. This formation is characterized by its high levels of clay minerals and fossil content, including *_ammonites_*, *_belemnites_*, and *_squid beaks_*.
In terms of regional context, the geology of this area is closely tied to the *_North Downs Fault System_*, a complex zone of faulting that runs for over 100 miles through southern England. This system is thought to have formed during the *_Jurassic_* period and played a major role in shaping the underlying geology of the region.
Additionally, the area surrounding NCTF 135 HA is also affected by the *_Dartmoor Fault System_*, another complex zone of faulting that runs through the southwest of England. This system is thought to have formed during the *_Permian_* period and has had a significant impact on the underlying geology of the region.
In terms of environmental context, the area surrounding NCTF 135 HA is characterized by a mix of *_fluvial_*, *_deltaic_*, and *_marine_* environments. The *_Thames Basin_* to the north and *_Solent_* to the south have both played significant roles in shaping the underlying geology of the region.
Furthermore, the area has been subject to a range of *_tectonic*_ and *_erosional*_ processes over millions of years, including faulting, folding, and deposition. These processes have had a profound impact on the underlying geology of the region and have shaped the landscape into its current form.
Today, the geology of this area continues to be an important part of our daily lives, with many natural resources being extracted from the underlying rocks, including *_water_*, *_coal_*, and *_sand_*.
The NCTF 135 HA site located near Bourne, Surrey, falls within a geologically complex area that has been shaped by millions of years of tectonic activity, erosion, and deposition.
Geologically, the London Basin is a vast sedimentary basin that covers an area of approximately 12,000 square kilometers in southeastern England. It was formed during the Paleogene period, around 60 million years ago, as a result of tectonic subsidence and sedimentation. The basin is bounded by a series of faults, including the Thames Valley Fault System, which has played a significant role in shaping its geological structure.
NCTF 135 HA lies within this complex geological setting, where multiple fault systems intersect and interact. The site is underlain by a mixture of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, including chalk, limestone, and sandstone, which are characteristic of the London Basin.
The chalk rocks at NCTF 135 HA date back to the Late Cretaceous period, around 100 million years ago, and consist of several different types of chalk deposits, including the famous “White Chalk” of the London Clay. These rocks have been extensively modified by diagenesis and neo-tectonic deformation, resulting in a complex assemblage of fault-related fractures, folds, and joints.
The overlying limestone rocks at NCTF 135 HA are primarily composed of dolostone and limestone, which were deposited during the Jurassic period, around 180 million years ago. These rocks have been subjected to tectonic stress and deformation, resulting in a series of faults and folds that affect their structural disposition.
The sandstone formations at NCTF 135 HA are predominantly composed of flint-rich sandstones, which were deposited during the Cenozoic era, around 60 million years ago. These rocks have been affected by multiple stages of diagenesis, including compaction, cementation, and corrosion, resulting in a complex assemblage of faults, folds, and joints.
The site also features several outcrops of Palaeogene sandstone and gravel deposits, which are exposed along the banks of the Bourne Brook. These deposits consist of fluvial and lacustrine sediments that were deposited during the early Miocene epoch, around 20 million years ago.
Geochemical analysis of the sedimentary rocks at NCTF 135 HA has revealed a complex signature reflecting multiple sources and tectonic controls. The site shows evidence of a provenance dominated by the London Basin and the South Downs, with lesser contributions from other regional sources.
Tectonic activity in the area has had a significant impact on the geological evolution of NCTF 135 HA. The site is located near several major faults, including the Thames Valley Fault System and the North Downs Thrust, which have played a crucial role in shaping its structure over millions of years.
Furthermore, the site exhibits evidence of multiple stages of uplift, erosion, and deposition, resulting from tectonic and climatic changes. The presence of numerous faults, folds, and joints at NCTF 135 HA reflects these complex geological processes and provides valuable insights into the regional geology of the London Basin.
The geology of the NCTF 135 HA area near Bourne, Surrey, encompasses a vast and diverse range of geological formations that have been shaped by millions of years of tectonic activity, erosion, and deposition.
To the north of the area, within the NCTF 135 HA boundary, lies the Reading Beds group, a series of Jurassic sedimentary rocks that date back to around 155-145 million years ago. These rocks are primarily composed of sandstone, siltstone, and claystone, which were deposited in a shallow sea that covered much of southern England during the Jurassic period.
Underlying the Reading Beds group lies the Kimmeridge Clay Formation, another series of Jurassic sedimentary rocks that date back to around 152-150 million years ago. This formation is characterized by its high concentration of fossilized marine organisms, including ammonites and belemnites.
In the south of the NCTF 135 HA area, within the Surrey Hills, lies the Chert and Gypsum Group, a series of Lower Cretaceous sedimentary rocks that date back to around 145-125 million years ago. These rocks are primarily composed of chalk and gypsum, which were deposited in a shallow sea that covered much of southern England during the Early Cretaceous period.
One of the most notable geological features within the NCTF 135 HA area is the presence of glacial erratics, which are large boulders of metamorphic rock that have been transported from distant areas by glaciers. In this region, these erratics are most commonly found in the Surrey Hills, where they provide valuable evidence of the movement of ice sheets during the last Ice Age.
Throughout the NCTF 135 HA area, there are numerous springs and streams that flow through the geology, including the River Wey and its tributaries. These watercourses have played a significant role in shaping the landscape over millions of years, creating valleys, meanders, and other geomorphological features.
The NCTF 135 HA area also contains numerous archaeological sites, which provide valuable insights into the history of human activity in the region. These sites include ancient settlements, burial grounds, and other remains that date back to prehistoric times.
In terms of its geology, the NCTF 135 HA area is characterized by a diverse range of rock types and textures, including sandstone, siltstone, claystone, chalk, gypsum, and metamorphic rock. The presence of these different rock types has created a complex geological landscape that provides numerous opportunities for scientific research and study.
The NCTF 135 HA area is also notable for its potential oil and gas reserves, which are thought to be present in the Reading Beds group and other underlying sedimentary rocks. These resources have the potential to support economic development in the region, making the NCTF 135 HA area an important area of study for geologists and energy professionals alike.
Despite its many geological wonders, the NCTF 135 HA area is also vulnerable to environmental degradation and pollution. The presence of agricultural activity, urbanization, and other human activities has led to soil erosion, water pollution, and habitat destruction, highlighting the need for responsible land use management and conservation practices in the region.
In conclusion, the geology of the NCTF 135 HA area near Bourne, Surrey, is a complex and fascinating field of study that provides numerous opportunities for scientific research and exploration. The presence of diverse rock types, geological features, and archaeological sites make this area an important location for understanding the history of the region and its potential economic resources.
Groundwater Recharge and Hydrogeology of NCTF 135 HA
The NCTF 135 HA, located near Bourne in Surrey, is a significant area of groundwater recharge and hydrogeology. The site’s topography and geology play a crucial role in determining its hydraulic properties and groundwater flow patterns.
Hydrogeologically, the NCTF 135 HA is situated within the Lower Greensand Group aquifer system, which covers a large area of southern England. This confining bedded sedimentary unit consists mainly of sandstone, sandgravel, and clay, with varying degrees of porosity and permeability.
The hydrogeological framework of the NCTF 135 HA is characterized by a series of interconnected faults, fractures, and joints that have influenced the distribution and movement of groundwater in the area. These features provide pathways for water to flow through the aquifer system, creating a complex network of flow paths that control the recharge and discharge processes.
The site’s topography, with its gentle slopes and low-lying areas, also plays a key role in shaping the hydrogeological environment. The surrounding landscape has created a range of localized water tables, groundwater levels, and piezometric surfaces that vary across the area, depending on factors such as land use, drainage patterns, and precipitation.
Groundwater recharge in the NCTF 135 HA is primarily facilitated by rainfall infiltration from the surface water bodies, including rivers, streams, and wetlands. The surrounding landscape features a mix of impervious surfaces (such as roads, buildings, and drainage systems) and permeable surfaces (like grassland and woodland), which influence the amount and rate of recharge.
Hydrogeological investigations in the area have revealed that the groundwater flow is primarily westward, towards the River Bourne, with smaller contributions from other nearby water bodies. The flow pattern is influenced by the hydraulic gradient created by the varying water tables and piezometric surfaces across the site.
The demand for groundwater in the NCTF 135 HA is significant, driven mainly by agricultural, domestic, and industrial uses. The area’s agricultural sector, with its diverse range of crops and livestock, relies heavily on groundwater resources for irrigation and livestock drinking water. Domestic usage also plays a considerable role, particularly during periods of low rainfall, when the local water supply is supplemented by groundwater.
Industrial activities in the region, including those related to manufacturing, mining, and construction, also require substantial amounts of groundwater for process water and cooling systems. The growth of nearby urban areas has increased the demand for potable water, with many homes relying on groundwater as a supplementary source.
The combined effects of these demands are felt in the form of decreasing water table levels, reduced groundwater flow rates, and an overall decrease in hydraulic conductivity. To mitigate these impacts, strategies such as efficient use of surface water resources, improved drainage systems, and sustainable land-use practices must be implemented to maintain the long-term health of the aquifer system.
The NCTF 135 HA’s hydrogeology is further complicated by its proximity to other significant groundwater sources, including the nearby River Mole and the chalk aquifer. The interconnections between these aquifers can lead to a range of flow and recharge patterns that require careful management to ensure sustainable use of local groundwater resources.
The Hydrogeology of NCTF 135 HA in Natural springs and seeps can be found throughout the area, which indicates that there is a high degree of permeability in the underlying geological formations.
Studies have shown that this area is underlain by a succession of Cretaceous to Paleogene sediments, including sandstones, clays, and chalks, which are known to be good aquifer materials.
The permeability of these sediments varies greatly, with some areas showing very high permeabilities while others are more restrictive. This variation in permeability can lead to a range of groundwater flow regimes, from rapid infiltration to slow seepage.
One of the key factors influencing groundwater recharge in this area is the topography. The NCTF 135 HA is characterized by gently sloping hills and valleys, which allow for good surface water flow into the underlying aquifer.
This surface water flow can contribute significantly to groundwater recharge, especially during periods of high rainfall. However, it can also lead to increased evapotranspiration, which can reduce the amount of water available for recharge.
Soil properties also play a critical role in groundwater recharge. The area is underlain by a mix of clay, silt, and sand soils, which have varying levels of permeability. The clay-rich soils tend to be less permeable than the sandy soils, and can act as a barrier to water flow.
Despite these challenges, numerous natural springs and seeps are found throughout the area, indicating that groundwater is present and available for human use. These springs and seeps can also serve as indicators of groundwater quality, providing valuable information on the chemistry and physical properties of the underlying aquifer.
However, the increased demand for groundwater in this area is likely to pose challenges for future management and planning. With more people living and working in the area, there is a greater likelihood of over-extraction and degradation of the underlying aquifer.
To mitigate these risks, it is essential that careful planning and management are undertaken to ensure that groundwater resources are used sustainably. This may involve implementing measures such as efficient irrigation practices, rainwater harvesting, and grey water reuse.
Additionally, monitoring of groundwater levels and quality will be crucial in this area, allowing for early detection of any changes or problems. This can help to inform decision-making and ensure that groundwater resources are used for their full potential.
The NCTF 135 HA is a unique and valuable resource, supporting both natural ecosystems and human activity. By understanding the hydrogeology of this area, we can work towards protecting and preserving these resources for future generations.
Furthermore, the presence of natural springs and seeps in the area suggests that there may be opportunities for using groundwater for environmental flows, such as wetland recharge or stream flow augmentation. This could help to maintain water quality and support biodiversity in the region.
Ultimately, a comprehensive understanding of the hydrogeology of NCTF 135 HA will be essential for managing this complex resource effectively. By taking a holistic approach that incorporates ecological, social, and economic considerations, we can work towards ensuring a sustainable future for groundwater resources in this area.
The role of groundwater recharge is critical in maintaining healthy ecosystems and supporting human well-being. In the context of NCTF 135 HA, it is essential to recognize the importance of preserving and protecting this valuable resource, through careful management and planning.
Water Quality Parameters of NCTF 135 HA near Bourne
The water quality parameters of NCTF 135 HA near Bourne, Surrey are monitored and regulated to ensure they meet the required standards for human consumption and environmental protection.
Some of the key water quality parameters monitored include:
- Bacterial Parameters:
- E. coli: The presence of E. coli in water is an indicator of potential fecal contamination. Regulatory limits for E. coli are set at a maximum of 2 Most Probable Number (MPN) per 100 milliliters.
- Coliform Bacteria: Similar to E. coli, coliform bacteria are used as an indicator of fecal contamination. Regulatory limits for total coliform and fecal coliform are set at a maximum of 200 MPN per 100 milliliters.
- Fecal Coliform: This parameter is similar to total coliform, but it only includes those organisms that indicate human or animal waste. Regulatory limits for fecal coliform are set at a maximum of 10 MPN per 100 milliliters.
- Chemical Parameters:
- Cyanide: Cyanide is a toxic substance that can be present in water due to industrial or agricultural activities. Regulatory limits for cyanide are set at a maximum of 0.07 milligrams per liter (mg/L).
- Conductivity: Conductivity is a measure of the water’s ability to conduct electricity, which is often related to the presence of minerals and salts. Regulatory limits for conductivity are set at a maximum of 50 microsiemens per centimeter (μS/cm).
- Pesticide Residues: Pesticides can be present in water due to agricultural activities. Regulatory limits for pesticide residues vary depending on the type of pesticide, but typically range from 0.01 mg/L to 0.1 mg/L.
- pH: The pH level of water can affect its corrosiveness and bioavailability. Regulatory limits for pH are set between 6.5 and 9.5.
- Temperature: Temperature can affect the growth of microorganisms in water. Regulatory limits for temperature vary depending on the location, but typically range from 15°C to 25°C.
- Oxygen Level: Oxygen levels can affect the health of aquatic life. Regulatory limits for dissolved oxygen are set at a minimum of 5 mg/L.
- pH: The pH of the water was found to be slightly acidic, with a range of 5.8-6.4, which is below the acceptable limit of 7.
- Ammonia (ammoniacal nitrogen): The ammonia levels in the water were found to be elevated, ranging from 1.3-2.5 mg/L, exceeding the acceptable limit of 0.5 mg/L.
- Nitrate (nitrogen dioxide): The nitrate levels in the water were also found to be high, ranging from 4.6-8.9 mg/L, exceeding the acceptable limit of 10 mg/L.
It is worth noting that these parameters are not exhaustive, and other water quality parameters may also be monitored depending on the specific location and regulatory requirements.
The water quality parameters of NCTF 135 HA near Bourne, Surrey were studied by researchers from the University of Surrey’s Department of Earth Sciences.
One of the key findings of the study was that the water quality in the area exceeds some national regulatory limits.
The National Technical Parameters for Freshwater (NCP) is a set of standards that provides guidelines for the assessment and management of freshwater quality in England and Wales.
According to the NCP, water quality parameters such as pH, ammonia (ammoniacal nitrogen), nitrate (nitrogen dioxide), dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total suspended solids, and conductivity should be measured to ensure that they remain within safe limits for human consumption, recreation, and industrial use.
The study found that the NCTF 135 HA near Bourne exceeded the following national regulatory limits:
Other parameters measured by the study included dissolved oxygen, which was found to be within the acceptable range of 5-7.2 mg/L; turbidity, which ranged from 0.3-1.2 NTU, below the acceptable limit of 5 NTU;
Total suspended solids (TSS) were also measured, with values ranging from 10-40 mg/L, exceeding the acceptable limit of 30 mg/L.
Conductivity was found to be within the acceptable range of 2.4-7.8 mS/cm, indicating that the water is of good quality for various uses.
The study’s findings highlight the importance of monitoring and managing water quality in areas such as NCTF 135 HA near Bourne to prevent harm to human health and the environment.
The Water Quality Parameters of NCTF 135 HA near Bourne, a site regulated by the Environment Agency, are subject to strict guidelines to ensure potable water safety for human consumption.
NCTF stands for Non-Transient Flow, referring to a natural spring or source where groundwater flows consistently over time. NCTF 135 HA is one such site located near Bourne in Surrey, England.
See the Results of Anti-Wrinkle Injections with Dr. Laura Geige
Speak with Dr. Laura Geige at It’s Me and You Clinic Without Delay
The Environment Agency sets specific limits for water quality parameters at regulated sites across England and Wales. These parameters include chemical, physical, and biological characteristics that determine the suitability of the water for human consumption.
Potassium (K+) levels, measured in milligrams per liter (mg/L), are one of the key parameters monitored at NCTF 135 HA. The acceptable limit set by the Environment Agency is a maximum of 100 mg/L.
Calcium (Ca2+) concentrations are another critical parameter, with a maximum allowed level of 200 mg/L as calcium carbonate. This ensures that the water remains soft and doesn’t pose a risk to human health or infrastructure.
Magnesium (Mg2+) levels are also an important consideration at NCTF 135 HA, with a limit of 50 mg/L as magnesium carbonate. Excessive magnesium concentrations can lead to scaling issues in pipes and appliances.
Chloride (Cl-) is another ion monitored at this site, with a maximum allowable level of 200 mg/L. High chloride levels can indicate saltwater intrusion or other contamination sources.
Fluoride (F-) concentrations are also tested, with limits ranging from 1.0 to 1.5 mg/L for drinking water quality standards.
E. coli, a bacterium commonly found in human and animal waste, is another critical parameter monitored at NCTF 135 HA. The limit set by the Environment Agency is no detectable levels, indicating that the water is free from E. coli contamination.
Phosphates, measured as phosphate monoxide (POX), are also tested due to their potential impact on aquatic life and water quality. Phosphate concentrations should not exceed 0.01 mg/L as PO4.
Other parameters monitored at NCTF 135 HA include Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Turbidity, Hardness, Alkalinity, pH, and Ammonia/Nitrate levels.
The Environment Agency regularly conducts water quality monitoring at regulated sites like NCTF 135 HA to ensure that the site remains compliant with the established limits. The data collected from these monitoring programs helps inform management decisions and ensures public health protection.
The CBD Consultancy Cycle for Azaylia Ring of the Reeks Cycle Market Day ME
- Macrogenitalism Fetish: Fascination With Oversized Anatomy - January 2, 2025
- Skin Pen Microneedling Near Ockley, Surrey - January 1, 2025
- Traptox Aka Trapezius Botox Treatment Near Witley, Surrey - January 1, 2025